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Selection, Installation & Maintenance Recommended Practices for Hydraulic Hose Assemblies Foreword -- This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as a guide to consider when selecting, routing, fabricating, installing, replacing, maintaining and storing hose for fluid-power systems. It is subject to change to keep pace with ex- perience and technical advances. For those new to hose use in fluid-power systems, this guide outlines practices to note during each phase of system design and use. Experienced designers and users skilled in achieving proper results, as well as the less experienced, can use this outline as a list of considerations to keep in mind. Fluid power systems are complex and require extensive knowledge of both the system requirements and the various types of hose. Therefore, all-inclusive, detailed, step-by-step instructions are not practical and are beyond the scope of this document. Less experienced designers and user's who need more information can consult specialists such as hose suppliers and manufacturers. This guide can improve the communication process. Safety Considerations -- These recommended practices involve safety considerations; note these carefully during all phases of design and use of hose systems. Improper selection, fabrication, installation or maintenance of hose and hose assemblies for fluid-power systems may result in serious personal injury or property damage. These recommended practices can reduce the likelihood of component or system failure, thereby reducing the risk of injury or damage. 1. Scope � SAE J1273 provides guidelines for selection, rout- potential conditions and situations that may lead to personal ing, fabrication, installation, replacement, injury and/or property damage. The list is not necessarily all maintenance and storage of hose and hose assemblies for inclusive. Consider reasonable and feasible means, including fluid-power systems. Many of these SAE those described in this section, to reduce the risk of injuries Recommended Practices also may be suitable for other or property damage. hose and systems. 4.1 Fluid Injections � Fine streams of escaping pressurized 2. References fluid can penetrate skin and enter a human body. These fluid injections may cause severe tissue damage and loss of limb. 2.1 Applicable Documents � The following Consider various means to reduce the risk of fluid injections, publications form a part of this specification to the particularly in areas normally occupied by operators. extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the Consider careful routing, adjacent components, warnings, latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. guards, shields and training programs. Relieve pressure SAE J343 � Test and Procedures for SAE 100 R Series before disconnecting hydraulic or other lines. Tighten all con- Hydraulic Hose and Hose Assemblies. nections before applying pressure. Avoid contact with escaping SAE J514 � Hydraulic Tube Fittings fluids. Treat all leaks as though pressurized and hot enough to SAE J517 � Hydraulic Hose burn skin. Never use any part of your body to check for hose SAE J1927 � Cumulative Damage Analysis for leaks. If a fluid-injection accident occurs, see a doctor imme- Hydraulic Hose Assemblies diately. DO NOT DELAY OR TREAT AS A SIMPLE CUT! Any fluid injected into the skin must be surgically removed within a few 2.1.2 ISO Publication � Available from ANSI, 11 West hours or gangrene may result. Doctors unfamiliar with this 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002. type of injury should consult a knowledgeable medical source. ISO 3457 � Earth Moving Machinery�Guards and Shields� Definitions and Specifications 4.2 Whipping Hose � If a pressurized hose assembly blows apart, the fittings can be thrown off at high speed, and the 3. Explanation of Terms � These explanations serve only to loose hose can flail or whip with great force. This is especially clarify this document and are not intended to stand alone. true in compressible-fluid systems. When this risk exists, They are presented sequentially, with the former helping to consider guards and restraints to protect against injury. explain the latter. 4.3 Burns from Conveyed Fluids � Fluid-power media may 3.1 Fluid Power � Energy transmitted and controlled reach temperatures that can burn human skin. If there is risk using pressurized hydraulic fluids or compressed air. of burns from escaping fluid, consider guards and shields to prevent injury, particularly in areas normally occupied by 3.2 Hose � Flexible conductor. In this document, the term operators. CoiledAirHose,Hydraulic&PTFE&Technical hose may also refer to a hose assembly with related ac- (Fleet)Truck&ToolingFittingsThermoplastic&HosePneumaticAlphanumeric&ApprovalsDesignHose cessories used in fluid power applications. 4.4 Fire and Explosion from Conveyed Fluids � Most ProductsEquipmentAccessories&&HoseFit.FittingsTubingInformationGuidesIndexAccessories fluid-power media, including fire-resistant hydraulic fluids, 3.3 Hose Fitting or Fitting � Connector which can be at- will burn under certain conditions. Fluids which escape from tached to the end of a hose. pressurized systems may form a mist or fine spray which can flash or explode upon contact with an ignition source. Con- 3.4 Hose Assembly � Hose with hose fittings sider selecting, guarding, and routing hose to minimize the attached. risk of combustion. (See Section 5 and ISO 3457). 3.5 Hose Failure � Occurrence in which a hose stops 4.5 Fire and Explosions from Static-Electric Discharge � Fluid meeting system requirements. passing through hose can generate static electricity, resulting in static-electric discharge. This may create sparks that can 3.6 Hose Service Life � Length of time a hose meets sys- ignite system fluids or gases in the surrounding atmosphere. tem requirements without needing replacement. When this potential exists, select hose specifically designed to carry the static-electric charge to ground. 4. Safety Considerations � Listed in 4.1 to 4.7 are some 267 Parker Hannifin Corporation Parflex Division Ravenna, Ohio
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