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Truck(Fleet)PTFE &TechnicalHydraulic&ThermoplasticAlphanumericHose,AirCoiledTooling&HoseApprovals& ProductsHose& PneumaticDesignTubingEquipmentAccessoriesFittingsIndexGuides Selection, Installation & Maintenance FittingsFit.&HoseInformationAccessories& 4.6 Electrical Shock � Electrocution could occur if hose con- more permeable than others. Consider the effects of ducts electricity through a person. Most hoses are conductive. permeation when selecting hose, especially with gaseous Many contain metal or have metal fittings. Even nonconductive fluids. Consult the hose and fluid manufacturers for hoses can be conduits for electricity if they carry conduc- permeability information. tive fluids. Be aware of routing or using hose near electrical sources. When this cannot be avoided, select appropriate 5.6 Hose-Material Compatibility � Variables that can affect hose. Nonconductive hoses should be compatibility of system fluids with hose materials include, but considered. SAE J517�100R7 and 100R8 hoses, with orange are not limited to: covers marked "Nonconductive" are available for applications A. Fluid Pressure requiring nonconductive hose. B. Temperature C. Concentration 4.7 Mechanisms Controlled by Fluid Power � Mechanisms D. Duration of exposure controlled by fluid in hoses can become hazardous when a Because of permeation (see 5.5), consider compatibility of hose fails. For example, when a hose bursts, objects system fluids with the hose, tube, cover, reinforcement, and supported by fluid pressure may fall, or vehicles or ma- fittings. Consult the fluid and hose manufacturers for chines may lose their brakes or steering. If mechanisms are compatibility information. NOTE�Many fluid/elastomer com- controlled by fluid power, consider safe modes of failure that patibility tables in manufacturers' catalogs show ratings based minimize risks of injury or damage. on fluids at 21� C, room temperature. These ratings may change at other temperatures. Carefully read the notes on the 5. Hose Selection and Routing � A wide variety of interacting fac-compatibility tables, and if in doubt, consult the tors influence hose service life and the ability of each manufacturer. NOTE�See pages 287-290 for chemical resis- fluid-power system to operate satisfactorily, and the combined tance information. effects of these factors on service life are often unpredictable. Therefore, these documents should not be construed as 5.7 Environment � Environmental conditions can cause hose design standards. For applications outside the and fitting degradation. Conditions to evaluate include, but are specifications in SAE J517, SAE J514, or other relevant design not limited to: standards, performance of hose assemblies should be A. Ultraviolet light determined by appropriate testing. Carefully analyze each B. Salt water system. Then design routings and select hose and related com- C. Air pollutants ponents to meet the system-performance and hose- D. Temperature service-life requirements, and to minimize the risks of per- E. Ozone sonal injury and/or property damage. Consider the following F. Chemicals factors: G. Electricity H. Abrasion 5.1 System Pressures � Excessive pressure can accelerate If necessary, consult the manufacturers for more information. hose assembly failure. Analyze the steady-state pressures, and the frequency and the amplitude of pressure surges, such 5.8 Static-Electric Discharge � Fluid passing through hose as pulses and spikes. These are rapid and transient rises in can generate static electricity resulting in static-electric pressure which may not be indicated on many discharge. This may create sparks that can puncture hose. If common pressure gauges and can be identified best on this potential exists, select hose with sufficient conductivity to high-frequency-response electronic measuring instruments. carry the static-electric charge to the ground. For maximum hose service life, hose selection should be based on a system pressure, including surges, that is less 5.9 Sizing � The power transmitted by pressurized fluid varies than the hose maximum working pressure. Hose may be used with pressure and rate of flow. Select hose with adequate size above its maximum working pressure where reduced life to minimize pressure loss, and to avoid hose damage from expectancy is acceptable. SAE J1927 provides on method to heat generation or excessive velocity. Conduct calculations, or help predict wire-reinforced hose service for a given hydraulicconsult the manufacturers for sizing at flow velocities. application, where the surge pressure peaks vary, and/or the highest pressure peaks occur infrequently. 5.10 Unintended Uses � Hose assemblies are designed for the internal forces of conducted fluids. Do not pull hose or use it 5.2 Suction � For suction applications, such as inlet flow to for purposes that may apply external forces for which the hose pumps, select hose to withstand both the negative and or fittings were not designed. positive pressures the system imposes on the hose. 5.11 Specifications and Standards � When selecting hose and 5.3 External Pressure � In certain applications, such as in fittings for specific applications, refer to applicable govern- autoclaves or under water, the external environmental ment, industry, and manufacturer's specifications and stan- pressures may exceed the fluid pressure inside the hose. In dards. these applications, consider the external pressures, and, if necessary, consult the manufacturers. 5.12 Unusual Applications � Applications not addressed by the manufacturer or by industry standards may require spe- 5.4 Temperature � Exceeding hose temperature ratings may cial testing prior to selecting hose. significantly reduce hose life. Select hose so the fluid and am- bient temperatures, both static and transient, fall within the 5.13 Hose Cleanliness � The cleanliness requirements of hose ratings. The effects of external heat sources should not system components, other than hose, will determine the raise the temperature of the hose above its maximum operat- cleanliness requirements of the application. Consult the ing temperature. Select hose, heat shields, sleeving, and othercomponent manufacturers' cleanliness information for all methods for these requirements, and route or shield hose to components in the system. Hose assemblies vary in avoid hose damage from external heat sources. cleanliness levels; therefore, specify hose assemblies with adequate cleanliness for the system. 5.5 Permeation � Permeation, or effusion, is seepage of fluid 268 Parker Hannifin Corporation Parflex Division Ravenna, Ohio
Goodyear Rubber Products
